Aircraft Engineers and Technicians

MODULE 14. PROPULSION 14.1 Turbine Engines         (a) Constructional arrangement and operation of turbojet, turbofan, turbo shaft and turbo               propeller engines;         (b) Electronic Engine control and fuel metering systems (FADEC). 14.2 Engine Indicating Systems         Exhaust gas temperature/Interstage turbine temperature systems;         Engine speed;         Engine Thrust Indication: Engine Pressure Ratio, engine turbine discharge pressure or           jet pipe pressure systems;        Oil pressure and temperature;        Fuel pressure, temperature and flow;        Manifold pressure;        Engine torque;        Propeller speed. 14.3 Starting and Ignition Systems        Operation of engine start systems and components; Ignition systems and components;        Maintenance safety requirements

MODULE 17B: PROPELLER Note: The scope of this Module shall reflect the propeller technology of aeroplanes pertinent to the B3 category. 17.1 Fundamentals:-         Blade element theory;         High/low blade angle, reverse angle, angle of attack, rotational speed;         Propeller slip;         Aerodynamic, centrifugal, and thrust forces;         Torque;          Relative airflow on blade angle of attack;          Vibration and resonance. 17.2 Propeller Construction:-         Construction methods and materials used in wooden, composite and metal propellers;         Blade station, blade face, blade shank, blade back and hub assembly;         Fixed pitch, controllable pitch, constant speeding propeller;         Propeller/spinner installation. 17.3 Propeller Pitch Control:-         Speed control and pitch change methods, mechanical and electrical/electronic;         Feathering and reverse pitch;         Overspeed protection. 17.4 Propeller Synchronising:-        

MODULE 16. PISTON ENGINE : A reciprocating engine, also often known as a piston engine, is typically a heat engine that uses one or more reciprocating pistons to convert pressure into a rotating motion.   16.1 Fundamentals         Mechanical, thermal and volumetric efficiencies; Operating principles — 2 stroke, 4 stroke,         Otto and Diesel;         Piston displacement and compression ratio;         Engine configuration and firing order. 16.2 Engine Performance         Power calculation and measurement;         Factors affecting engine power;         Mixtures/leaning, pre-ignition. 16.3 Engine Construction        Crank case, crank shaft, cam shafts, sumps;        Accessory gearbox;        Cylinder and piston assemblies;       Connecting rods, inlet and exhaust manifolds;       Valve mechanisms;       Propeller reduction gearboxes. 16.4 Engine Fuel Systems 16.4.1 Carburetors            Types, construction and principles of operation;             Icing and h

MODULE 15. GAS TURBINE ENGINE 15.1 Fundamentals         Potential energy, kinetic energy, Newton's laws of motion, Brayton cycle;         The relationship between force, work, power, energy, velocity, acceleration;         Constructional arrangement and operation of turbojet, turbofan, turbo shaft, turboprop. 15.2 Engine Performance         Gross thrust, net thrust, choked nozzle thrust, thrust distribution, resultant thrust,         thrust horsepower, equivalent shaft horsepower, specific fuel consumption;         Engine efficiencies;         By-pass ratio and engine pressure ratio;         Pressure, temperature and velocity of the gas flow;        Engine ratings, static thrust, influence of speed, altitude and hot climate, flat rating,        limitations. 15.3 Inlet         Compressor inlet ducts         Effects of various inlet configurations;         Ice protection. 15.4 Compressors          Axial and centrifugal types;          Constructional features a

The Cessna 172 aircraft is an all metal construction with high wing design. The aircraft is fitted with single engine on the nose of the aircraft. The seating capacity of the aircraft is four The landing gear design is a tricycle type (means one wheel is fitted on the nose)    The construction of the fuselage is a conventional formed sheet metal bulkhead, stringer, and skin design referred to as semimonocoque. Major items of structure are the front and the rear carry through spars to which the wings are attached, a bulkhead and forgings for main landing gear attachment at the base of the forward door posts for the lower attachment of the wing struts. Four engine mount stringers are also attached to the forward door post and extended forward to the firewall. The externally braced wings, containing integral fuel tanks, are constructed of a front and rear spar with formed sheet metal ribs, doublers, and stringers. The entire structure is covered with aluminium skin. The

What is Cessna-172: Cessna-172 is a small training aircraft. This aircraft is one of the largest production aircraft mainly used to provide pilot training. Details: Cessna-172 is made on all metal semimonococoque, high wing construction. The wings are supported by wing strut so called as semi cantilever construction. Landing gear: tricycle type with Fixed main landing gear and oleo pneumatic nose landing gear Seating Capacity: four seat  Engine: Single engine (Lycoming - Direct Drive) fitted on nose of the aircraft  Propeller (model): McCauley - Fixed pitch Fuel Capacity: Total 200 liters (each tank 100 liters) Airframe control surfaces: Ailerons, Elevator, Rudder, Flaps, Trim Tax and Fixed tab Engine Controls: Throttle Control, Fuel Mixture control Cabin Ventilation: Cabin Air control to provide more cool air and                                 Cabin heat control to provide hot air Cockpit: two versions:- 1) Analog type (Instruments) and 2) Digital

What is Cessna-152: Cessna-152 is a small aircraft. This aircraft is one of the largest produced aircraft mainly used to provide pilot training and also for personnel use. Details: Cessna-152 is made on all metal semimonococoque, high wing construction. The wings are supported by wing strut so called as semi cantilever construction. Landing gear: tricycle type with Fixed main landing gear and oleo pneumatic nose landing gear Seating Capacity: Two seat  Fuel Capacity: total 100 liters (each tank 50 liters - Standard tanks) Airframe control surfaces: Ailerons, Elevator, Rudder, Flaps, Trim Tax and Fixed tab Cabin Ventilation: Cabin Air control to provide more cool air and                                Cabin heat control to provide hot air  Instruments fitted:  Airspeed, Altimeter, Vertical speed indicator Attitude gyro, Directional gyro, suction Gauge and Turn Coordinator RPM Indicator, Oil Temperature indicator, EGT Fuel Qty Gauge, Out side temperature gau

The Cessna 152 aircraft is an all metal construction with high wing design. The aircraft is fitted with single engine on the nose of the aircraft. The seating capacity of the aircraft is two The landing gear design is a tricycle type The construction of the fuselage is a conventional formed sheet metal bulkhead, stringer, and skin design referred to as semimonocoque. Major items of structure are the front and the rear carry through spars to which the wings are attached, a bulkhead and forgings for main landing gear attachment at the rare door post, and a bulkhead with attaching plates at the base of the forward door posts for the lower attachment of the wing struts. Four engine mount stringers are also attached to the forward door post and extended forward to the firewall. The externally braced wings, containing fuel tanks, are constructed of a front and rear spar with formed sheet metal ribs, doublers, and stringers. The entire structure is covered with aluminum skin.