Aircraft Engineers and Technicians

MODULE 17A. PROPELLER Note: This module does not apply to category B3. Relevant subject matters for category B3 are defined in module 17B. 17.1 Fundamentals:-         Blade element theory;         High/low blade angle, reverse angle, angle of attack, rotational speed;         Propeller slip;         Aerodynamic, centrifugal, and thrust forces;         Torque;         Relative airflow on blade angle of attack;         Vibration and resonance. 17.2 Propeller Construction        Construction methods and materials used in wooden, composite and metal propellers;        Blade station, blade face, blade shank, blade back and hub assembly;        Fixed pitch, controllable pitch, constant speeding propeller;        Propeller/spinner installation. 17.3 Propeller Pitch Control        Speed control and pitch change methods, mechanical and electrical/electronic;        Feathering and reverse pitch;        Overspeed protection. 17.4 Propeller Synchronising        Synchroni

MODULE 13. AIRCRAFT AERODYNAMICS, STRUCTURES AND SYSTEMS 13.1 Theory of Flight         (a) Aeroplane Aerodynamics and Flight Controls Operation and effect of:              — roll control: ailerons and spoilers,              — pitch control: elevators, stabilators, variable incidence stabilisers and canards,              — yaw control, rudder limiters; Control using elevons, ruddervators;             High lift devices: slots, slats, flaps;             Drag inducing devices: spoilers, lift dumpers, speed brakes;             Operation and effect of trim tabs, servo tabs, control surface bias;            (b) High Speed Flight            Speed of sound, subsonic flight, transonic flight, supersonic flight;            Mach number, critical Mach number;            (c) Rotary Wing Aerodynamics Terminology;            Operation and effect of cyclic, collective and anti-torque controls. 13.2 Structures — General Concepts         (a) Fundamentals of structural systems;      

MODULE 12. HELICOPTER AERODYNAMICS, STRUCTURES AND SYSTEMS 12.1 Theory of Flight — Rotary Wing Aerodynamics Terminology; Effects of gyroscopic precession; Torque reaction and directional control; Dissymmetry of lift, Blade tip stall; Translating tendency and its correction; Coriolis effect and compensation; Vortex ring state, power settling, overpitching; Auto-rotation; Ground effect. 12.2 Flight Control Systems Cyclic control; Collective control; Swashplate; Yaw control: Anti-Torque Control, Tail rotor, bleed air; Main Rotor Head: Design and Operation features; Blade Dampers: Function and construction; Rotor Blades: Main and tail rotor blade construction and attachment; Trim control, fixed and adjustable stabilisers; System operation: manual, hydraulic, electrical and flyby-wire; Artificial feel; Balancing and Rigging. 12.3 Blade Tracking and Vibration Analysis Rotor alignment; Main and tail rotor tracking; Static and dynamic balancing; Vibration types,

MODULE 11C. PISTON AEROPLANE AERODYNAMICS, STRUCTURES AND SYSTEMS Note: The scope of this module shall reflect the technology of aeroplanes pertinent to the B3 category. 11.1 Theory of Flight 11.1.1 Aeroplane Aerodynamics and Flight Controls Operation and effect of: — roll control: ailerons and spoilers; — pitch control: elevators, stabilators, variable incidence stabilisers and canards; — yaw control, rudder limiters; Control using elevons, ruddervators; High lift devices, slots, slats, flaps, flaperons; Drag inducing devices, spoilers, lift dumpers, speed brakes; Effects of wing fences, saw tooth leading edges; Boundary layer control using, vortex generators, stall wedges or leading edge devices; Operation and effect of trim tabs, balance and antibalance (leading) tabs, servo tabs, spring tabs, mass balance, control surface bias, aerodynamic balance panels; 11.2 Airframe Structures — General Concepts (a) Airworthiness requirements for structural strength; Structur

MODULE 11B. PISTON AEROPLANE AERODYNAMICS, STRUCTURES AND SYSTEMS Note 1: This module does not apply to category B3. Relevant subject matters for category B3 are defined in module 11C. Note 2: The scope of this Module should reflect the technology of aeroplanes pertinent to the A2 and B1.2 subcategory. 11.1 Theory of Flight 11.1.1 Aeroplane Aerodynamics and Flight Controls Operation and effect of: — roll control: ailerons and spoilers; — pitch control: elevators, stabilators, variable incidence stabilisers and canards; — yaw control, rudder limiters; Control using elevons, ruddervators; High lift devices, slots, slats, flaps, flaperons; Drag inducing devices, spoilers, lift dumpers, speed brakes; Effects of wing fences, saw tooth leading edges; Boundary layer control using, vortex generators, stall wedges or leading edge devices; Operation and effect of trim tabs, balance and antibalance (leading) tabs, servo tabs, spring tabs, mass balance, control surface bias, aero

MODULE 11A. TURBINE AEROPLANE AERODYNAMICS, STRUCTURES AND SYSTEMS 11.1 Theory of Flight 11.1.1 Aeroplane Aerodynamics and Flight Controls Operation and effect of: — roll control: ailerons and spoilers; — pitch control: elevators, stabilators, variable incidence stabilisers and canards; — yaw control, rudder limiters; Control using elevons, ruddervators; High lift devices, slots, slats, flaps, flaperons; Drag inducing devices, spoilers, lift dumpers, speed brakes; Effects of wing fences, saw tooth leading edges; Boundary layer control using, vortex generators, stall wedges or leading edge devices; Operation and effect of trim tabs, balance and antibalance (leading) tabs, servo tabs, spring tabs, mass balance, control surface bias, aerodynamic balance panels; 11.1.2 High Speed Flight Speed of sound, subsonic flight, transonic flight, supersonic flight, Mach number, critical Mach number, compressibility buffet, shock wave, aerodynamic heating, area rule; Factors aff

MODULE 10. AVIATION LEGISLATION (DGCA - INDIA) 10.1 Regulatory Framework         Role of International Civil Aviation Organisation;         The Aircraft Act and Rules made there under         Role of the DGCA;         Relationship between CAR-21, CAR-M, CAR-145, CAR-66, CAR 147         The Aircraft Rules ( Applicable to Aircraft Maintenance and Release)        Aeronautical Information Circulars ( Applicable to Aircraft Maintenance and Release)        CAR Sections 1 and 2 10.2 CAR-66 Certifying Staff - Maintenance         Detailed understanding of CAR-66. 10.3 CAR-145 — Approved Maintenance Organisations         Detailed understanding of CAR-145 and CAR M Subpart F 10.4 Aircraft Operations        Commercial Air Transport/Commercial Operations        Air Operators Certificates;        Operators Responsibilities, in particular regarding continuing airworthiness and maintenance;        Documents to be carried on board;        Aircraft Placarding (Markings); 10.5 Air

MODULE 9B. HUMAN FACTORS Note: The scope of this module shall reflect the less demanding environment of maintenance for B3 licence holders. 9.1 General       The need to take human factors into account;       Incidents attributable to human factors/human error;       ‘Murphy's’ law. 9.2 Human Performance and Limitations       Vision;       Hearing;       Information processing;       Attention and perception;       Memory;       Claustrophobia and physical access. 9.3 Social Psychology       Responsibility: individual and group;       Motivation and de-motivation;       Peer pressure;      ‘Culture’ issues;       Team working;       Management, supervision and leadership 9.4 Factors Affecting Performance       Fitness/health;       Stress: domestic and work related;       Time pressure and deadlines;       Workload: overload and underload;       Sleep and fatigue, shiftwork;       Alcohol, medication, drug abuse. 9.5 Physical Environment       Noise and fumes;       Illumin

MODULE 9A. HUMAN FACTORS Note: This module does not apply to category B3. Relevant subject matters for category B3 are defined in module 9B. 9.1 General       The need to take human factors into account; Incidents attributable to human factors/human error;       ‘Murphy's’ law. 9.2 Human Performance and Limitations       Vision;       Hearing;       Information processing; Attention and perception; Memory;       Claustrophobia and physical access. 9.3 Social Psychology Responsibility: individual and group; Motivation and de-motivation;       Peer pressure;      ‘Culture’ issues;       Team working;       Management, supervision and leadership 9.4 Factors Affecting Performance       Fitness/health;       Stress: domestic and work related;       Time pressure and deadlines;       Workload: overload and underload;       Sleep and fatigue, shiftwork;       Alcohol, medication, drug abuse. 9.5 Physical Environment       Noise and fumes;       Illumination;    

MODULE 8. BASIC AERODYNAMICS 8.1 Physics of the Atmosphere       International Standard Atmosphere (ISA), application to aerodynamics. 8.2 Aerodynamics       Airflow around a body;       Boundary layer, laminar and turbulent flow, free stream flow, relative airflow, upwash and                           downwash, vortices, stagnation;      The terms: camber, chord, mean aerodynamic chord, profile (parasite) drag, induced drag,       centre of pressure, angle of attack, wash in and wash out, fineness ratio,       wing shape and aspect ratio;     Thrust, Weight, Aerodynamic Resultant;     Generation of Lift and Drag: Angle of Attack, Lift coefficient,     Drag coefficient, polar curve, stall;     Aerofoil contamination including ice, snow, frost. 8.3 Theory of Flight       Relationship between lift, weight, thrust and drag;       Glide ratio;       Steady state flights, performance;       Theory of the turn;       Influence of load factor: stall, flight envelope and str

MODULE 7B. MAINTENANCE PRACTICES Note: The scope of this module shall reflect the technology of aeroplanes relevant to the B3 category. 7.1 Safety Precautions-Aircraft and Workshop       Aspects of safe working practices including precautions to take when working       with electricity, gases especially oxygen, oils and chemicals.       Also, instruction in the remedial action to be taken in the event of a fire or        another accident with one or more of these hazards including knowledge on extinguishing agents. 7.2 Workshop Practices       Care of tools, control of tools, use of workshop materials;       Dimensions, allowances and tolerances, standards of workmanship;       Calibration of tools and equipment, calibration standards. 7.3 Tools       Common hand tool types;       Common power tool types;       Operation and use of precision measuring tools;       Lubrication equipment and methods.      Operation, function and use of electrical general test equipment;

MODULE 5. DIGITAL TECHNIQUES ELECTRONIC INSTRUMENT SYSTEMS 5.1 Electronic Instrument Systems       Typical systems arrangements and cockpit layout of electronic instrument systems. 5.2 Numbering Systems       Numbering systems: binary, octal and hexadecimal;       Demonstration of conversions between the decimal and binary, octal and hexadecimal        systems and   vice versa. 5.3 Data Conversion       Analogue Data, Digital Data;       Operation and application of analogue to digital, and digital to        analogue converters, inputs and outputs, limitations of various types. 5.4 Data Buses       Operation of data buses in aircraft systems, including knowledge of ARINC and other        specifications. 5.5 Logic Circuits  (a) Identification of common logic gate symbols, tables and equivalent circuits;       Applications used for aircraft systems, schematic diagrams.  (b)Interpretation of logic diagrams. 5.6 Basic Computer Structure (a) Computer terminology (incl

MODULE 7A. MAINTENANCE PRACTICES Note: This module does not apply to category B3. Relevant subject matters for category B3 are defined in module 7B. 7.1 Safety Precautions-Aircraft and Workshop       Aspects of safe working practices including precautions to take when working       with electricity, gases especially oxygen, oils and chemicals.       Also, instruction in the remedial action to be taken in the event of a fire or       another accident with one or more of these hazards including knowledge on       extinguishing agents. 7.2 Workshop Practices       Care of tools, control of tools, use of workshop materials;       Dimensions, allowances and tolerances, standards of workmanship;       Calibration of tools and equipment, calibration standards. 7.3 Tools       Common hand tool types;       Common power tool types;       Operation and use of precision measuring tools;       Lubrication equipment and methods.       Operation, function and use of electrical

MODULE 6. MATERIALS AND HARDWARE 6.1 Aircraft Materials — Ferrous (a) Characteristics, properties and identification of common alloy steels used in aircraft; Heat treatment and application of alloy steels; (b) Testing of ferrous materials for hardness, tensile strength, fatigue strength and impact resistance. 6.2 Aircraft Materials — Non-Ferrous (a) Characteristics, properties and identification of common non-ferrous materials used in aircraft; Heat treatment and application of non-ferrous materials; (b) Testing of non-ferrous material for hardness, tensile strength, fatigue strength and impact resistance. 6.3 Aircraft Materials - Composite and Non- Metallic 6.3.1 Composite and non-metallic other than wood and fabric     (a) Characteristics, properties and identification of common composite and non- metallic                              materials,  other than wood, used in aircraft;           Sealant and bonding agents.    (b) The detection of defects/deterioration in c

MODULE 3. ELECTRICAL FUNDAMENTALS 3.1 Electron Theory      Structure and distribution of electrical charges within: atoms, molecules,      ions, compounds; Molecular structure of conductors, semiconductors and insulators. 3.2 Static Electricity and Conduction      Static electricity and distribution of electrostatic charges;      Electrostatic laws of attraction and repulsion;      Units of charge, Coulomb's Law;      Conduction of electricity in solids, liquids, gases and a vacuum. 3.3 Electrical Terminology      The following terms, their units and factors affecting them: potential      difference, electromotive force, voltage, current, resistance, conductance,      charge, conventional current flow, electron flow. 3.4 Generation of Electricity      Production of electricity by the following methods: light, heat, friction,      pressure, chemical action, magnetism and motion. 3.5 DC Sources of Electricity      Construction and basic chemical action of: primary cells, se